Gaussian beams are a type of laser beam with a specific intensity distribution that follows a Gaussian profile. These beams are characterized by their narrow, bell-shaped cross-sectional profile and low divergence, making them ideal for applications requiring tight focusing and high spatial resolution. Gaussian beams are commonly used in fields such as optics, telecommunications, and laser processing, as well as in medical and scientific research. Research in this area focuses on understanding the properties and behavior of Gaussian beams, optimizing their performance, and developing new applications for this versatile type of laser beam.